SQW Energy
ISBN 978 0 7559 7779 6 (Web only publication)
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CONTENTS
1 Introduction
Introduction
Purpose of this study
Methodology
The Structure of this Report
2 Context
Policy Context and Scottish Government Objectives
Status of Permitted Development Rights
Additional Legislation Pertinent to DWT and ASHP
Previous Scottish Consultation: PDR for Microgeneration Equipment
Small Wind - Visual and Noise Impact Criteria
Small Wind - Scale and Height Impact Criteria
Small Wind - Natural and Built Heritage Impact Criteria
Small Wind - Control of Visual Impact
Air Source Heat Pump Impact Criteria
Summary of Stakeholder Attitudes to PDR
PDR Proposals for DWTs and ASHPs in England and Wales
Comparison of UKPDR proposals
3 Literature Review
Domestic Wind Turbines
About Domestic Micro Wind Turbines
Turbine Topologies
Wind Resource and DWT Performance
EST: "Location, Location, Location", Domestic Wind Field Trial
The Carbon Trust and the UK Met Office: "Small-Scale Wind Energy, Policy Insights and Practical Guidance"
Impacts of DWTs
Vibration
Ecology and Heritage
Small and Micro Wind Turbine Industry and Market
Summary of Key Findings for DWTs
Air Source Heat Pumps
Introduction
Technology Overview
Current and Potential Market
Costs & Benefits
Impacts
Additional Permitted Development Considerations
Summary of Key Findings for ASHPs
Microgeneration Certification Scheme and Microgeneration Installer Scheme
DWT Microgeneration Certification Scheme Product Standards
DWT Performance Standards & Certifications
DWT Installer Standards
Current MCS Standards Relating to DWT Impact Mitigation
ASHP Product Standards
ASHP Performance Standards & Certifications
ASHP Installer Standards
Current MCS Standards Relating to ASHP Impact Mitigation
Summary of Key Findings for MCS and MIS Schemes
4 Stakeholder Consultation
Pre-workshop Questionnaire
Workshops:
Conclusions
5 Findings: Micro Wind Turbines
Noise
General
Absolute or Locational Noise Limit
Specific Noise Limits
Vibration
Visual
Electro-Magnetic Interference ( EMI)
Flicker
Built Heritage
Natural Heritage
3 Year review
Prior Notification
Promoting Simplicity
Impact Matrix Summarising Key Points
6 Findings: Air Source Heat Pumps
Noise
Vibration
Visual
Built Heritage
Natural Heritage
Other Issues
Reverse Operation
Performance
3 Year Review
Prior Notification
Impact Matrix Summarising Key Points
7 Assessment of Permitted Development Options
PDR Principles
PDR Conditions for a Specific Noise Criterion
Vibration - DWTs and ASHPs
Adoption of the MCS and Microgeneration Installers Scheme ( MIS) Standards
Visual Impact: Building Mounted DWTs
Visual Impact: Stand-alone DWTs
Appropriate Number of DWTs per Curtilage
Visual Impact - ASHPs
Aircraft Safety - DWTs
Natural Heritage and Landscape Impacts - DWTs Only
Built Heritage
General Recommendations Surrounding PDR for ASHP and DWT
Prior Notification
3 Year Review of Permitted Development Rights
Anemometers for DWT
Decommissioning of Unused Equipment
8 Conclusions and Summary recommendations
9 Bibliography
10 Appendices
Appendix 1 - Research Tools
Stakeholder Consultation Questions
Stakeholder Consultation Response Summary
Introduction
Summary of Responses
Appendix 2 - Stakeholder Consultees
Companies and Organisations Consulted
The views expressed in this report are those of the researcher and
do not necessarily represent those of the Department or Scottish Ministers.