Millennium Cohort Study: Exploration of some Distinctive Results for Scotland

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ANNEX of Tables
Details of Millennium Cohort Study

Table A1.1 Achieved Samples in MCS1 and MCS2

Number of sample 'wards' *

Achieved Responses **

Children

Families interviewed

Partners***

Single Parents

Sweep

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

Total UK

398

18,818

15,808

18,552

15,590

13,599

10,479

3,194

2,738

England

200

11,695

10,188

11,533

10,050

8,558

6849

1,853

1775

of which

MCS1 and 2

9489

9,358

6,482

1551

MCS2, New

699

692

367

224

Wales

73

2,799

2,288

2,761

2,261

1,957

1,542

590

440

Scotland

62

2,370

1,841

2,336

1,814

1,758

1,189

375

259

N Ireland

63

1,955

1491

1,923

1,465

1,326

899

376

264

Notes to table
* counting 'superwards' as a single unit ** all productive contacts ***excluding proxy interviews All numbers unweighted

Table A1.2 MCS1 productives by MCS1 and MCS2 country

MCS1 UK Country

MCS2 UK Country

England

Wales

Scotland

Northern Ireland

Country Unknown

Total

England

83.0

0.3

0.2

0.1

16.5

100

9305

24

22

7

2175

11533

Wales

2.0

80.3

0.0

0

17.7

100

56

2204

1

0

499

2760

Scotland

1.6

0.2

76.7

0.1

21.4

100

33

4

1775

2

522

2336

Northern Ireland

1.1

0

0.1

76.2

22.6

100

22

0

2

1441

458

1923

Total

49.5

13.2

10.6

8.6

18.0

100

9416

2232

1800

1450

3654

18552

Notes to table
Unweighted numbers and row percents. Country unknown combines unproductive and ineligible'

Table A1.3
MCS2: Summary of MCS2 Survey Elements

Respondent

Mode

Summary of Content

Mother/Father

Interview

Household Module

Mother/main

Interview

Household Module
Module A: Non-resident parents
Module C: Pregnancy, labour and delivery
Module D: Baby's health and development
Module E: Childcare
Module F: Grandparents and friends
Module G: Parent's health

Self-completion

Module H:
- Child's temperament & behaviour
- Relationship with partner
- Previous relationships
- Domestic tasks
- Previous pregnancies
- Mental health
- Attitudes to relationships, parenting,

Interview

Module J: Employment, income, education
Module K: Housing and local areaModule L: Interests and time with baby
Module N : Older Siblings

Father/Partner

Interview

Module B: Father's involvement with baby
Module C: Pregnancy, labour and delivery
Module F: Grandparents and friends
Module G: Parent's health

Self-completion

Module H: Self-completion
- Baby's temperament & behaviour
- Relationship with partner
- Previous partners
- Previous children
- Mental health
- Attitudes to marriage, parenting, work,

Interview

Module J: Employment and education
Module L: Interests

Interviewer

Observations

Home Environment
Neighbourhood

Child

Assessment

BAS Naming Vocabulary
Bracken Basic Concept Scale
Height & Weight
Oral fluids

Older Siblings
(England only)

Self-completion

Notes to table
* In the vast majority of cases the Main interview was undertaken by the natural mother and the Partner interview was undertaken by the father/father figure.

Table A1.4 Distribution of cohort member's age at MCS2

Age (Months)

UK- N

UK - %

Scotland N

Scotland %

31-34

10

0.063

35

1756

11

36

6802

43

37

3294

21

38

1506

9.5

39

731

4.6

40

410

2.6

41

267

1.7

42

179

1.1

43

158

1.0

44

140

0.89

45

149

0.94

46

104

0.66

47

102

0.65

48-54

191

1.2

Total number of children, %

15799

100

100

Notes to table
Base: MCS2 main sample Note: Interview date is missing for 9 cases.

Table A1.5 Rates of attrition MCS1 to MCS2 by country by NVQ at MCS1 and family income at MCS1

Percent of MCS1 sample non-productive at MCS2

Status At MCS1

England

Wales

Scotland

Northern Ireland

%

( N)

%

(N)

%

(N)

%

(N)

NVQ5

9

(364)

7

(53)

13

(98)

16

(83)

NVQ4

9

(2853)

10

(665)

11

(676)

15

(486)

NVQ3

14

(1466)

17

(379)

19

(484)

21

(269)

NVQ2

16

(3256)

19

(881)

25

(615)

24

(579)

NVQ1

20

(1033)

18

(271)

30

(99)

28

(156)

Overseas

25

(436)

19

(44)

32

(37)

30

(34)

None

27

(1989)

29

(446)

37

(287)

30

(295)

Total

15

(11397)

17

(2739)

20

(2296)

22

(1902)

* Income

Above 60% median income

13

(7470)

15

(1809)

17

(1613)

19

(1191)

Below 60%

25

(3719)

24

(900)

29

(662)

29

(696)

Total*

16

(11426)

17

(2744)

20

(2303)

22

(1912)

Notes to table
* missing on income at MCS1 included in total

Table A2.1 Coefficients on Scotland dummy variable for UK sample as a whole for cognitive and behavioural scores.

Scotland Dummy
No other covariates included

Level of significance
P value

BAS Vocabulary

0.242

0.000

Bracken School Readiness

0.155

0.000

SDQ Behaviour Problems

-0.108

0.000

N= 13843

Notes to table
Base: All MCS2 families one child in family who took the relevant cognitive tests. Table A2.2 Regression coefficients for British Ability Scale Vocabulary

BAS - Rest of UK

BAS- Scotland

BAS - All UK

Model 1

Model 2

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Constant

0.217

0.10,0.34

0.128

-0.0-0.26

-0.245

-0.62, 0.14

0.160

0.04,0.28

Number of Parents at MCS2

2 parent family ( REF)

Lone parent or step parent

-0.073

-0.18,0.03

-0.023

-0.13,0.09

0.137

-0.17, 0.44

-0.056

-0.15,0.04

Mother's highest qualification MCS2

NVQ level 4 or 5 ( REF)

NVQ Level 3

-0.099

-0.16,-0.04

-0.075

-0.14,-0.01

-0.163

-0.30,-0.03

-0.103

-0.16,-0.05

NVQ Level 3

-0.219

-0.29,0.15

-0.190

-0.26,-0.12

-0.425

-0.63,-0.22

-0.229

-0.29,-0.17

NVQ Level 1

-0.286

-0.40,-0.17

-0.303

-0.42,-0.18

-0.267

-0.61,0.08

-0.286

-0.39,-0.18

No qualifications

-0.471

-0.62,-0.32

-0.587

-0.76,-0.42

-0.469

-0.91,-0.03

-0.469

-0.61,-0.32

Gender

Girls ( REF)

Males

-0.237

-0.28,-0.19

-0.228

-0.27,-0.19

-0.227

-0.36,-0.09

-0.235

-0.28,-0.19

Mother's ethnicity

White ( REF)

Mixed and other

-0.266

-0.41,-0.12

-0.266

-0.41,-0.12

Black

-0.674

-0.83,-0.52

-0.616

-0.78,-0.45

Asian

-0.877

-1.07,-0.68

-0.877

-1.07,-0.68

Household income at MCS2

Below 60% median income ( REF)

Above median income

0.134

0.06,0.21

0.193

0.12,0.27

0.159

-0.12,0.44

0.133

0.06,0.20

Income missing

0.110

0.01,0.21

0.097

-0.02,0.21

0.053

-0.29,0.39

0.106

0.01,0.20

Country at MCS2

England, Wales, NI ( REF)

Scotland

0.118

0.04,0.20

Household employment status MCS2

No earners ( REF)

1 parent working

0.227

0.11,0.35

0.218

0.10,0.34

0.520

0.12, 0.92

0.247

0.13,0.36

2 parents working

0.206

0.10,0.31

0.186

0.08,0.30

0.488

0.07,0.91

0.230

0.13,0.33

Highest parental occupation status MCS2

Professional/managerial ( REF)

Intermediate

-0.080

-0.15,-0.01

-0.086

-0.15,-0.02

-0.023

-0.24,0.19

-0.079

-0.14,-0.01

Small employer and self employed

-0.064

-0.14,0.01

-0.082

-0.16,-0.00

-0.100

-0.34,0.14

-0.065

-0.14,0.01

Lower supervisory

-0.148

-0.24,-0.06

-0.135

-0.22,-0.05

-0.101

-0.29,0.09

-0.146

-0.23,-0.06

Semi routine and routine

-0.193

-0.29,-0.10

-0.217

-0.32,-0.12

-0.213

-0.52,0.09

-0.195

-0.29,-0.10

Gross motor skills at 9 months

No delays ( REF)

1+ delay

-0.129

-0.20,-0.05

-0.125

-0.20,-0.05

-0.225

-0.50,0.05

-0.134

-0.21,-0.06

Fine motor skills at 9 months

No delays ( REF)

1+ delays

0.049

-0.03,0.13

0.024

-0.06,0.11

-0.035

-0.22,0.15

0.045

-0.03,-0.06

R squared

0.126

0.091

0.093

0.125

Notes to table
Base: All MCS2 families one child in family who completed the BAS Vocabulary test at 3 years and had complete information on other covariates. Dependent variable test scores converted to Z scores

Table A2.3 Regression coefficients for Bracken School Readiness scale

Bracken - Rest of UK

Bracken- Scotland

Bracken - All UK

Model 1

Model 2

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Constant

0.384

0.25,0.52

0.343

0.20,0.48

-0.132

-0.56,0.30

0.336

0.20,0.47

Number of Parents MCS2

2 parent family ( REF)

Lone parent or step parent

-0.089

-0.20,0.02

-0.068

-0.18,0.05

0.015

-0.25,-0.12

-0.079

-0.18,0.03

Mother's highest qualification MCS2

NVQ level 4 or 5 ( REF)

NVQ Level 3

-0.199

-0.27,-0.13

-0.192

-0.26,-0.12

-0.256

-0.41,-0.10

-0.204

-0.27,-0.14

NVQ Level 3

-0.374

-0.44,0.30

-0.363

-0.43,-0.29

-0.382

-0.62,-0.14

-0.374

-0.44,0.31

NVQ Level 1

-0.470

-0.58,-0.36

-0.479

-0.59,-0.37

-0.303

-0.75,0.14

-0.463

-0.57,-0.35

No qualifications

-0.604

-0.75,-0.46

-0.655

-0.80,-0.51

-0.550

-1.0,-0.08

-0.604

-0.74,0.47

Gender

Girls ( REF)

Males

-0.239

-0.29,-0.19

-0.235

-0.28,-0.19

-0.247

-0.37,-0.12

-0.240

-0.29,-0.19

Mother's ethnicity

White ( REF)

Mixed and other

-0.024

-0.17,0.12

-0.028

-0.17,0.11

Black

-0.489

-0.73,-0.25

-0.450

-0.69,-0.21

Asian

-0.327

-0.50,-0.16

-0.329

-0.50,0.16

Household income MCS2

Below 60% median income ( REF)

Above median income

0.244

0.17,0.32

0.264

0.19,0.34

0.271

0.03, 0.51

0.245

0.17,0.32

Income missing

0.114

0.02,0.21

0.102

0.00,0.20

0.359

0.06, 0.65

0.132

0.04,0.22

Country MC2

England, Wales, NI ( REF)

Scotland

0.049

-0.04,0.14

Household employment status MCS2

No earners ( REF)

1 parent working

0.106

-0.02,0.23

0.108

-0.01,0.23

0.523

0.16 ,0.88

0.134

0.02,0.25

2 parents working

0.095

-0.04,0.23

0.101

-0.03,0.23

0.412

0.05, 0.77

0.115

-0.01,0.24

Highest parental occupation status MCS2

Professional/managerial ( REF)

Intermediate

-0.100

-0.18,-0.02

-0.105

-0.18,-0.03

-0.244

-0.40,-0.09

-0.109

-0.18,-0.04

Small employer and self employed

-0.234

-0.33,0.14

-0.234

-0.33,-0.14

-0.468

-0.77,-0.17

-0.248

-0.34,0.16

Lower supervisory

-0.326

-0.42,-0.24

-0.320

-0.41,-0.23

-0.274

-0.52,-0.03

-0.319

-0.40,-0.23

Semi routine and routine

-0.326

-0.42,-0.24

-0.333

-0.42,-0.24

-0.500

-0.78,-0.22

-0.336

-0.42,-0.25

Gross motor skills at 9 months

No delays ( REF)

1+ delay

-0.115

-0.19,-0.04

-0.116

-0.19,-0.04

-0.122

-0.32,0.08

-0.112

-0.18,-0.04

Fine motor skills at 9 months

No delays ( REF)

1+ delays

0.081

-0.01,0.17

0.072

-0.02,0.16

0.039

-0.24,0.32

0.075

-0.01,0.16

R squared

0.154

0.150

0.152

0.153

Notes to table
Base: All MCS2 families one children age 3 who took the Bracken assessment and had complete information on other covariates. Dependent variable test scores converted to Z scores

Table A2.4 Regression coefficients for Total Difficulties scale

Rest of UK

Scotland

All UK

Model 1

Model 2

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Coefficient,

95 % CI

Constant

-0.178

-0.33,0.02

-0.162

-0.31,-0.01

-0.042

-0.48,0.40

-0.158

-0.31,-0.01

Number of Parents MCS2

2 parent family ( REF)

Lone parent or step parent

0.028

-0.10,0.15

0.017

-0.11,0.14

0.044

-0.18,0.27

0.030

-0.09,0.15

Mother's highest qualification MCS2

NVQ level 4 or 5 ( REF)

NVQ Level 3

0.134

0.07,0.19

0.131

0.07,0.19

0.150

0.01,0.29

0.136

0.08,0.19

NVQ Level 3

0.280

0.22,0.34

0.275

0.21,0.34

0.388

0.19,0.58

0.287

0.23,0.35

NVQ Level 1

0.252

0.10,0.40

0.248

0.10,0.40

0.304

-0.17,0.78

0.257

0.11,0.40

No qualifications

0.370

0.21,0.53

0.393

0.24,0.55

0.527

-.12,0.94

0.383

0.23,0.53

Gender

Girls ( REF)

Males

0.192

0.15,0.024

0.189

0.15,0.23

0.204

0.09,0.31

0.194

0.15,0.23

Mother's ethnicity

White ( REF)

Mixed and other

0.022

-0.12,0.16

0.021

-0.12,0.16

Black

-0.097

-0.22,0.03

-0.093

-0.21,0.03

Asian

0.258

0.12,0.40

0.262

0.12,0.40

Household income MCS2

Below 60% median income ( REF)

Above median income

-0.127

-0.21,-0.05

-0.138

-0.22,-0.06

-0.264

-0.53,0.01

-0.136

-0.21,-0.06

Income missing

-0.063

-0.17,0.04

-0.069

-0.17,0.04

-0.107

-0.43,0.21

-0.064

-0.17,0.04

Country MCS2

England, Wales, NI ( REF)

Scotland

-0.038

-0.10,0.02

Household employment status MCS2

No earners ( REF)

1 parent working

-0.165

-0.31,-0.01

-0.160

-0.31,-0.01

-0.145

-0.58,0.28

-0.175

-0.32,-0.03

2 parents working

-0.215

-0.37,-0.06

-0.213

-0.36,-0.06

-0.276

-0.69,0.14

-0.213

-0.36,-0.07

Highest parental occupation status MCS2

Professional/managerial ( REF)

Intermediate

0.093

0.01, 0.17

0.100

0.02,0.17

0.221

0.05,0.39

0.104

0.03,0.18

Small employer and self employed

0.052

-0.04,0.14

0.058

-0.03,0.15

0.122

-0.10,0.35

0.057

-0.03,0.14

Lower supervisory

0.281

0.19,0.38

0.279

0.19,0.37

0.212

-0.06,0.49

0.275

0.19,0.36

Semi routine and routine

o.323

0.22,0.43

0.325

0.22,0.43

0.445

0.15,0.74

0.333

0.23,0.43

Gross motor skills at 9 months

No delays ( REF)

1+ delay

0.030

-0.04,0.10

0.030

-0.04,0.10

0.045

-0.14,0.23

0.028

-0.04,0.10

Fine motor skills at 9 months

No delays ( REF)

1+ delays

0.077

-0.01,0.16

0.075

-0.01,0.16

0.225

-0.05,0.50

0.086

0.01,0.17

R squared

-0.095

0.092

0.119

0.096

Notes to table
Base: All MCS2 families -one child in family whose mother gave information about the SDQ scale and had complete information on other covariates

Table A3.1. Logistic regression odds ratios from including Scotland dummy only in the model of families living in income poverty at MCS2.

All mothers

Couple mothers

95%

CI

95%

CI

Country

Rest of UK

1.00

1.00

Scotland

0.837

0.68, 1.03

0.873

0.70, 1.10

Unweighted sample size

12343

10293

Notes to table
Base: All UKMCS2 main respondent sample with details on income.

Table A3.2 Odds ratios -analysis of families being in poverty at MCS2 across UK sample

All UK natural mothers

UK Couple mothers

Model 1

Model 2

Model3

95%

CI

95%

CI

95%

CI

Parent's marital status at MCS2

Married natural parents

1.00

-

Cohabiting natural parents

1.73

1.50, 2.00

-

-

Lone natural mother

11.12

9.32,13.26

-

-

Mother's highest qualification MCS2

None on the list shown

1.00

1.00

1.00

NVQ Level 1

0.73

0.57, 0.93

0.83

0.63, 1.10

0.75

0.36, 1.01

NVQ Level 2

0.45

0.38, 0.54

0.55

0.44, 0.66

0.52

0.41, 0.65

NVQ Level 3

0.38

0.31, 0.48

0.46

0.36, 0.59

0.45

0.34, 0.60

NVQ Level 4

0.21

0.17, 0.26

0.25

0.20, 0.32

0.24

0.18, 0.31

NVQ Level 5

0.10

0.06, 0.16

0.11

0.06, 0.19

0.12

0.07, 0.21

Overseas qualifications only

0.89

0.83, 1.25

0.95

0.67, 1.33

0.80

0.54, 1.17

Employment during pregnancy

No

1.00

1.00

1.00

Yes

0.28

0.24, 0.33

4.83

2.44, 6.78

4.87

3.45, 6.87

Mother's age at birth

14 to 19

1.00

1.00

1.00

20 to 29

0.44

0.35, 0.54

0.49

0.39, 0.62

0.37

0.28, 0.48

30 to 39

0.27

0.21, 0.37

0.31

0.24, 0.39

0.24

0.18, 0.31

40 plus

0.32

0.20, 0.51

0.33

0.20, 0.55

0.30

0.18, 0.51

Mother's ethnicity

White

1.00

1.00

1.00

Mixed

1.70

0.79, 3.68

1.37

0.56, 3.34

1.80

0.71, 4.58

Indian

2.49

1.47, 4.23

2.47

1.47, 4.13

2.54

1.49, 4.30

Pakistani or Bangladesh

4.61

3.28, 6.49

5.05

3.65, 6.99

5.02

3.60, 7.06

Black or Black British

1.83

1.18, 2.84

1.57

1.04, 3.18

1.90

1.16, 3.08

Other

1.78

1.07, 2.32

1.84

1.07, 3.18

1.88

1.05, 3.36

Number of siblings of baby at MCS2

Only child

1.00

1.00

1.00

1 Sibling

1.06

0.89, 1.25

1.04

0.87, 1.24

0.97

0.79, 1.19

2 Siblings

1.74

1.42, 2.13

1.68

1.35, 2.09

1.66

1.30, 1.19

3+ Siblings

3.51

2.80, 4.41

3.10

2.43, 3.96

3.22

2.50, 4.17

Country at MCS2

England

Wales

Scotland

1.10

0.92, 1.32

1.07

0.88, 1.31

1.03

0.82, 1.27

Northern Ireland

Type of ward

Non-disadvantaged

1.00

1.00

1.00

Other disadvantaged

1.69

1.46, 1.96

1.51

1.29, 1.77

1.70

1.44, 2.09

Minority ethnic

1.46

1.07, 1.99

1.26

0.92, 1.73

1.34

0.97, 1.84

Combined marital and employment status at MCS2

Married, both employed

-

1.00

1.00

Married, one earner

-

10.89

7.59, 15.63

10.92

7.55, 15.77

Married, zero earners

-

127.76

73.4, 222.4

125.65

71.55, 2220.7

Cohabiting, both employed

-

1.30

1.01, 1.69

1.25

0.97, 1.62

Cohabiting, one earner

-

17.99

12.4, 26.18

17.41

11.93, 23.42

Cohabiting, zero earners

-

230.73

126,9, 419.7

211.96

116.9, 384.5

Lone, earner

-

6.07

4.75, 7.76

-

-

Lone, not employed

-

378.37

240.7,594.7

-

-

Unweighted sample size

12291

12267

10225

F statistic

89.31

75.67

59.16

P value (F )

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Notes to table
Base: All UKMCS2 main respondent sample with full details on income and other covariates

Table A3.3 Odds ratios - analysis of families being in poverty at MCS2 in Scotland sample and Rest of UK

Scotland

Rest of UK

All natural mothers

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

95 %

CI

95%

CI

95%

CI

95%

CI

Parent's marital status MCS2

Married natural parents

1.00

-

1.00

-

Cohabiting natural parents

2.70

1.91, 3.69

-

1.53

1.31, 1.79

-

Lone natural mother

13.40

8.51,20.6

-

10.3

8.53, 12.33

-

Mother's highest qualification MCS2

None on the list shown

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

NVQ Level 1

0.90

0.38, 2.24

1.00

0.36, 2.83

0.68

0.53, 0.87

0.77

0.58, 1.01

NVQ Level 2

0.37

0.24, 0.61

0.48

0.28, 0.81

0.43

0.35, 0.53

0.51

0.41, 0.64

NVQ Level 3

0.29

0.18, 0.48

0.36

0.20, 0.64

0.38

0.30, 0.48

0.45

0.35, 0.58

NVQ Level 4

0.17

0.09, 0.32

0.22

0.11, 0.44

0.21

0.17, 0.27

0.24

0.19, 0.31

NVQ Level 5

0.11

0.03, 0.39

0.14

0.04, 0.46

0.11

0.07, 0.19

0.13

0.07, 0.22

Overseas qualifications only

0.51

0.12, 2.16

0.40

0.12, 1.35

1.06

0.76, 1.48

1.13

0.82, 1.57

Employment during pregnancy

No

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Yes

0.23

0.16, 0.31

4.22

2.15, 8.25

0.28

0.24, 0.33

5.14

3.52, 7.49

Mother's age at birth

14 to 19

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

20 to 29

0.45

0.22, 0.88

0.49

0.24, 1.03

0.46

0.37, 0.58

0.52

0.40, 0.66

30 to 39

0.30

0.14, 0.64

0.35

0.15, 0.81

0.27

0.21, 0.35

0.30

0.23, 0.40

40 plus

0.33

0.10, 1.02

0.26

0.06, 1.09

0.33

0.20, 0.56

0.35

0.21, 0.60

Number of siblings of baby MCS2

Only child

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1 Sibling

0.77

0.50, 1.23

0.75

0.46, 1.19

1.06

0.89, 1.26

1.05

0.88, 1.27

2 Siblings

1.75

1.08, 2.92

1.55

0.91, 2.65

1.74

1.40, 2.15

1.72

1.36, 2.16

3+ Siblings

2.55

1.47, 4.68

2.24

1.18, 4.22

3.59

2.83, 4.54

3.20

2.48, 4.11

Type of ward

Non-disadvantaged

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Other disadvantaged

1.8

1.31, 2.52

1.55

1.05, 2.28

1.80

1.53, 2.10

1.61

1.36, 1.90

Minority ethnic

3.16

2.34, 4.22

2.82

2.04, 3.90

Combined marital and employment status MCS2

Married, both employed

-

1.00

-

1.00

Married, one earner

-

12.79

6.28, 26.1

-

12.05

8.07, 18.0

Married, zero earners

-

165.73

56.0, 615.6

-

130.77

72.2,236

Cohabiting, both employed

-

1.86

0.98, 3.52

-

1.19

0.91, 1.56

Cohabiting, one earner

-

34.66

15.8, 75.9

-

16.9

11.2, 25.7

Cohabiting, zero earners

-

299.79

90.2,989.6

-

217.36

112,1,421

Lone, earner

-

7.96

4.00, 15.8

-

5.63

4.33, 7.31

Lone, not employed

-

778.52

321.7,1884

-

360.88

218, 594

Unweighted sample size

1578

1576

10738

10716

F statistic

22.32

24.76

105.30

75.84

P value (F )

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Notes to table
Base: All MCS2 main respondents natural mothers with full details on income and other covariates

Table A3.4 Odds ratios - analysis of couple families living in poverty at MCS2 .

Scotland

Rest of UK

Couple mothers only

95%

CI

95%

CI

Mother's highest qualification MCS2

None on the list shown

1.00

1.00

NVQ Level 1

0.99

0.34, 2.94

0.68

0.50, 0.92

NVQ Level 2

0.43

0.24, 0.76

0.48

0.38, 0.61

NVQ Level 3

0.36

0.17, 0.73

0.44

0.33, 0.57

NVQ Level 4

0.22

0.10, 0.47

0.23

0.17, 0.30

NVQ Level 5

0.09

0.02, 0.37

0.14

0.08, 0.25

Overseas qualifications only

0.36

0.09, 1.34

0.97

0.68, 1.40

Employment during pregnancy

No

1.00

1.00

Yes

4.19

2.10, 8.37

5.22

3.55, 7.66

Mother's age at birth

14 to 19

1.00

1.00

20 to 29

0.39

0.16, 0.94

0.39

0.30, 0.52

30 to 39

0.27

0.09, 0.74

0.24

0.18, 0.32

40 plus

0.21

0.04, 0.97

0.32

0.18, 0.57

Number of siblings of baby MCS2

Only child

1.00

1.00

1 Sibling

0.65

0.40, 1.05

0.99

0.80, 1.22

2 Siblings

1.37

0.79, 2.37

1.70

1.32, 2.20

3+ Siblings

2.08

1.14, 3.79

3.35

2.56, 4.37

Type of ward

Non-disadvantaged

1.00

1.00

Other disadvantaged

1.61

1.07, 2.43

1.83

1.52, 2.19

Minority ethnic

3.26

2.38, 4.47

Combined marital and employment status MCS2

Married, both employed

1.00

1.00

Married, one earner

12.91

6.24, 26.7

12.12

8.04, 18.3

Married, zero earners

184.88

55.7, 613

129.45

70.7, 237

Cohabiting, both employed

1.78

0.94, 3.40

1.14

0.86, 1.50

Cohabiting, one earner

33.21

14.7, 74.9

16.47

10.8, 25.1

Cohabiting, zero earners

287.24

85.3, 967

200.07

103, 386

Lone, earner

Lone, not employed

Unweighted sample size

1358

8887

F statistic

16.83

56.56

P value (F )

<0.001

<0.001

Notes to table
Base: All MCS2 main respondents living as couple with full details on income and other covariates

Table A4.1 Odds ratios of whether mothers ever breastfed their MCS baby

All natural mothers

UK sample

Rest of the UK

Scotland

95%

CI

95%

CI

95%

CI

Parent's marital status MCS1

Cohabiting natural parents ( REF)

1.00

1.00

1.00

Married natural parents

1.39

1.21-1.58

1.14

0.87-1.49

1.36

1.20-1.53

Lone natural mother

0.67

0.57-0.78

0.78

0.54-1.11

0.68

0.58-0.78

Mother's highest qualification MCS1

NVQ Level 4 and 5

5.10

4.12-6.31

5.74

3.51-9.36

5.22

4.28-6.36

NVQ Level 3

2.57

2.13-3.09

1.67

1.03-2.71

2.43

2.04-2.88

NVQ Level 1 and 2

1.57

1.31-1.87

1.49

1.00-2.23

1.57

1.33-1.85

Overseas or None ( REF)

1.00

1.00

1.00

Employment during pregnancy

No

1.00

1.00

1.00

Yes

1.04

0.92-1.17

1.01

0.78-1.30

1.04

0.93-1.16

Mother's age at birth

14 to 21

1.00

1.00

1.00

22 to 26

1.42

1.19-1.67

1.31

0.97-1.75

1.40

1.20-1.62

27 to 31

1.77

1.49-2.08

1.83

1.23-2.69

1.76

1.50-2.05

32-36

2.49

2.04-3.03

2.81

1.90-4.14

2.50

2.08-2.99

37+

2.90

2.27-3.71

3.69

2.23-6.09

2.95

2.35-3.70

Mother's ethnicity

White

1.00

Mixed

7.27

3.80-13.88

7.25

3.80-13.81

Indian

2.80

1.89-4.15

2.88

1.95-4.25

Pakistani or Bangladesh

2.67

2.03-3.51

2.77

2.11-3.62

Black or Black British

7.61

4.16-13.89

7.71

4.24-14.02

Other

9.63

4.65-19.92

7.56

3.90-14.64

Number of siblings of baby at birth

Only child

1.66

1.44-1.90

1.24

0.93-1.60

1.60

1.41-1.82

Has siblings

1.00

1.00

1.00

Gender

Girl

1.00

1.00

1.00

Boy

1.12

1.01-1.23

1.10

0.84-1.43

1.11

1.01-1.22

Country at MCS1

Rest of UK

1.00

1.00

1.00

Scotland

0.66

0.55-0.77

Birth experiences

No caesarean section delivery

1.00

1.00

1.00

Caesarian section delivery

0.83

0.73-0.94

0.74

0.58-0.93

0.82

0.73-0.92

Gave birth accompanied

1.00

1.00

1.00

Gave birth alone

0.68

0.54-0.84

0.82

0.44-1.52

0.69

0.56-0.84

Not attended antenatal class

1.00

1.00

1.00

Attended antenatal class

1.58

1.37-1.87

2.06

1.55-2.71

1.63

1.43-1.85

Unweighted sample size

F statistic

48.61

12.55

55.15

P value (F )

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Notes to table
Base: All MCS1 main respondent sample in England Wales and Northern Ireland, Scotland or whole UK with full details on benefits and other covariates.

Page updated: Tuesday, December 18, 2007