1.0 Introduction
1.1 Public transport is often considered to be inflexible and not suitable for some people. This guidance identifies how to deliver more flexible transport to more people. The starting point is to build from the networks and services we already have. Some fixed services are serving us well, but others need to be redesigned or supplemented with additional or more flexible provision.
1.2 Flexible and demand responsive transport ( DRT) includes services which:
- Are booked in advance by users and only run when there are people to carry. These demand responsive forms of transport include taxis, private hire vehicles including airport transfer services, community transport, dial-a-ride and ring-and-ride.
- Are booked or arranged by public agencies to respond to travel needs for patient transport, school transport, social services and employment agencies.
- Run on a fixed route unless people book in advance to request a diversion based on their required travel needs. Flexibility is sometimes only needed at certain times of day or on certain days of the week. These include many rural public transport services and other transport serving areas of low demand.
1.3 These DRT approaches are growing rapidly and are particularly suitable for: low demand routes; passengers who need higher levels of care; and premium services. The development of these markets to date has been characterised by ad hoc investment to fill gaps in networks. With the lessons that have been learned from these services, a more systematic and planned approach can now be taken to DRT development.
1.4 Under the 1985 Transport Act, local authorities have a statutory duty to ensure that public transport network coverage meets local social needs, so there is not just a need, but a legal responsibility, to close gaps. Provision must be practical and affordable so this guidance sets out:
- How to assess reasonable DRT needs
- Alternative delivery approaches based on current and evolving best practice.
- Where to look for further more detailed guidance on detailed issues.