Scottish Government

Linda Nicholson The Research Shop
March 2005
ISBN 0 7559 2700 1 (Web only publication)
This document is also available in pdf format (424k)

CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
1.2 Remit of literature review
1.3 Methodology
1.4 Comment on the literature identified
1.5 Structure of the review
PART 1: RANGE, NATURE AND TRENDS IN CIVIC PARTICIPATION MECHANISMS
CHAPTER 2: STOCKTAKE OF CIVIC PARTICIPATION IN THE UK
2.1 Assessment of innovative approaches to testing community opinion in Scotland
2.2 Public participation undertaken by local government in England
2.3 Other smaller-scale studies of public participation activities
2.4 Summary of main points
CHAPTER 3: USE OF INDIVIDUAL APPROACHES
3.1 Citizens' juries
3.2 Consensus conference
3.3 Written consultations
3.4 People's/Citizens' panels
3.5 Web-based approaches
3.6 Other approaches
3.7 Summary of main points
CHAPTER 4: THE DELIBERATIVE PROCESS IN PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
4.1 Rationale for use of deliberative methods
4.2 Pros and cons of using deliberative methods
4.3 Impact of deliberative approaches on public views
4.4 Summary of main points
PART 2: OVERARCHING LESSONS AND ISSUES
CHAPTER 5: GENERAL LESSONS TO EMERGE
5.1 Summary of main points
CHAPTER 6: ENGAGING THE "HARD-TO-REACH"
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Positive action
6.3 Examples of civic participation with hard-to-reach groups
6.4 Policy lessons
6.5 Summary of main points
CHAPTER 7: EVALUATING CIVIC PARTICIPATION ACTIVITY
7.1 State of play
7.2 Challenges in designing civic participation activity evaluations
7.3 Examples of evaluation indicators deployed
7.4 Examples of evaluative frameworks
7.5 Summary of main points
CHAPTER 8: THE CITIZENS' VIEWS
8.1 Views of feedback on and impact of participation
8.2 Need for appropriate and legitimate information
8.3 Process matters
8.4 Maximising participant role
8.5 Summary of main points
CHAPTER 9: CONTEXTUAL ISSUES
9.1 Policy context
9.2 Geographical context
9.3 Governance context
9.4 Nature of topic
9.5 Summary of main points
CHAPTER 10: CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
10.1 Issues and challenges
10.2 Future developments
10.3 Summary of main points
ANNEX: GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS
REFERENCES

TABLES

Table 1: Use of public participation techniques by Scottish public authorities
Table 2: Use of public participation approaches reported as used by English local Authorities in 1997 and 2001 and planned for 2002
Table 3: Frequency of use of different techniques by local authorities during 2001

The views expressed in this report are those of the researcher and
do not necessarily represent those of the Department or Scottish Ministers.